Wiki/Sites
Gigawatt-Scale AI Datacenter Site Inventory
Comprehensive catalog of named AI datacenter campuses publicly announced or under construction at ≥500 MW IT load or ≥1 GW total. Last refreshed May 2026.
This wiki tracks the physical buildout behind the AI capex boom. The gap between "announced" and "energized" is the single most important variable on this page: a 5 GW campus that won't reach full power until 2030 is a different financial object than a 500 MW campus energizing in 2026. Where possible, we distinguish phased capacity from headline capacity.
Summary Table (sortable by power)
| Site | Operator | Location | Total MW (announced) | IT MW (near-term) | Status | First Power | Full Power | Customers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shackelford County (Stargate) | Oracle / OpenAI / SoftBank | Shackelford Co., TX | 5,500 | TBD | Sited | 2026 | 2028+ | OpenAI |
| UAE–U.S. AI Campus (Stargate UAE) | G42 / OpenAI / Oracle | Abu Dhabi, UAE | 5,000 | 200 (phase 1) | Under construction | 2026 | 2029+ | OpenAI |
| Mt. Pleasant (Fairwater) | Microsoft | Mt. Pleasant, WI | 3,300 | ~900 (phase 1) | Phased / paused | 2025 | 2027 | Microsoft / OpenAI |
| New Carlisle (Project Rainier) | AWS | New Carlisle, IN | 2,200 | ~1,000 | Operational (partial) | Oct 2025 | 2027 | Anthropic |
| Hyperion | Meta | Richland Parish, LA | 2,000+ | ~1,500 (phase 1) | Under construction | 2027 | 2030 | Meta |
| Colossus 1 + 2 | xAI | Memphis, TN | 2,000 | ~1,200 | Operational + expanding | 2024 | 2026 | xAI / Grok |
| Abilene (Stargate I) | Crusoe / Oracle / OpenAI | Abilene, TX | 1,200 | ~1,000 | Under construction | Sept 2025 | Mid-2026 | OpenAI (Oracle anchor) |
| Lighthouse (Stargate WI) | Vantage / Oracle | Port Washington, WI | ~1,400 | TBD | Under construction | 2027 | 2029 | OpenAI |
| Paris AI Campus | MGX / Bpifrance / Nvidia / Mistral | Paris region, France | 1,400 | TBD | Sited | 2028 | 2030 | Mistral |
| Doña Ana (Stargate NM) | Oracle | Doña Ana Co., NM | ~1,000 | TBD | Sited | 2027 | 2029 | OpenAI |
| Lordstown (Stargate OH) | SoftBank | Lordstown, OH | ~1,000 | TBD | Under construction | 2026 | 2027 | OpenAI |
| Milam County (Stargate TX-2) | SB Energy / SoftBank | Milam Co., TX | ~1,000 | TBD | Sited | 2027 | 2029 | OpenAI |
| Atlanta Fairwater | Microsoft | Fayetteville/Palmetto, GA | ~1,000 | ~500 | Operational (partial) | Oct 2025 | 2027 | Microsoft |
| Susquehanna (Cumulus) | AWS / Talen | Salem Twp., PA | 960 | ~300 | Operational + ramping | 2024 | 2032 | AWS |
| Newton (Prometheus) | Meta | Newton Co., GA | 1,000+ | ~1,000 | Under construction | 2026 | 2026 | Meta |
| Mesa | Apple | Mesa, AZ | 800+ | TBD | Operational + expanding | 2018 | 2027+ | Apple |
| Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, IA | ~1,000 | ~600 | Operational + expanding | 2009 | ongoing | ||
| Loudoun multi-site | AWS / Google / MSFT / Meta | Loudoun Co., VA | 5,000+ (county-wide) | n/a | Mixed | n/a | n/a | All hyperscalers |
| Cheyenne (Frontier Range) | Meta | Cheyenne, WY | 800+ | TBD | Under construction | 2026 | 2027 | Meta |
| Eagle Mountain | Meta | Eagle Mountain, UT | 1,000+ | TBD | Operational + expanding | 2021 | 2027 | Meta |
| Temple | Meta | Temple, TX | 800+ | TBD | Under construction (restarted) | 2026 | 2028 | Meta |
| Kuna | Meta | Kuna, ID | 800+ | TBD | Under construction (restarted) | 2026 | 2028 | Meta |
| Reno Tech Park | Apple | Reno, NV | 500+ | TBD | Operational + expanding | 2012 | 2027 | Apple |
| Tahoe Reno (Citadel) | Switch | Storey Co., NV | 800 | 800 | Operational | 2017 | ongoing | Multi-tenant |
Stargate (OpenAI / Oracle / SoftBank / MGX)
The Stargate consortium — OpenAI, Oracle, SoftBank, and MGX (Abu Dhabi) — announced a $500B / 10 GW commitment in January 2025. Five additional U.S. sites were unveiled in September 2025, bringing planned capacity to ~7 GW. Capex math implies roughly $40–50B per GW once GPUs are included.
Abilene, TX (Stargate I / "Project Ludicrous")
| Campus name | Lancium Clean Campus / Stargate I |
| Operator | Crusoe (build/operate); Lancium (land + electrical); Oracle (cloud anchor) |
| Location | Abilene, TX (Taylor County) |
| Total / IT power | 1.2 GW (full buildout); ~200 MW energized Sept 2025 |
| GPU plans | Nvidia GB200/GB300 Blackwell; Oracle reportedly procured $40B of Nvidia GPUs for the site |
| Capex | Crusoe's reported build cost ~$12B (excluding GPUs); Crusoe raised $15B in debt/equity via Blue Owl Real Assets + Primary Digital Infrastructure |
| Customer | OpenAI (via Oracle's OCI) |
| Status | Phase 1 (2 buildings, 200 MW) operational since Sept 2025; Phase 2 (6 buildings, ~1 GW) under construction since March 2025 |
| COD timeline | Phase 2 energization mid-2026; full 8-building campus through early 2027 |
| Power source | BTM gas + ERCOT grid (Lancium-controlled); 360 MW Vistra natural gas + behind-the-meter generation |
| Construction partner | DPR Construction (GC); Rosendin (electrical) |
| Controversies | A planned 600 MW Abilene expansion was scrapped in 2025; water use and air permits scrutinized by Texas Commission on Environmental Quality |
| Sources | DCD, Crusoe newsroom, Tom's Hardware, DPR Construction |
Shackelford County, TX
| Operator | Oracle (developer); Vantage (campus build) |
| Location | Shackelford County, TX (~50 mi NE of Abilene) |
| Total power | 5.5 GW announced — the largest single site in Stargate |
| Capex | Component of $400B+ Stargate spend; per-site cost not disclosed |
| Status | Sited (zoning underway), groundbreaking expected late 2026 |
| COD timeline | First power 2027; full power likely beyond 2029 |
| Power source | Onsite natural gas microgrid (announced); ERCOT interconnection sought |
| Customer | OpenAI |
| Sources | OpenAI announcement, Data Center Frontier |
Doña Ana County, NM
| Operator | Oracle |
| Total power | ~1 GW planned |
| Status | Sited, early development |
| Power source | Grid (El Paso Electric / SPS region) |
| Controversies | Water scarcity in southern NM; tax-abatement debate |
| Sources | Axios, CNBC |
Lordstown, OH
| Operator | SoftBank (developer); uses former Foxconn/Lordstown Motors substation |
| Total power | ~1 GW (advanced "fast-build" design) |
| Status | Under construction; SoftBank broke ground 2025 |
| COD timeline | Operational target 2026 |
| Power source | Grid (FirstEnergy / PJM); existing substation accelerates interconnect |
| Sources | OpenAI announcement, DCD |
Milam County, TX (Stargate TX-2)
| Operator | SB Energy (SoftBank) + Foxconn (servers/equipment manufacturing JV) |
| Total power | ~1 GW (powered shell + AI server manufacturing) |
| Status | Sited |
| Power source | SB Energy hybrid (solar + gas + storage) |
| Sources | OpenAI |
Port Washington, WI ("Lighthouse")
| Operator | Vantage Data Centers, in partnership with Oracle |
| Location | Port Washington, WI (north of Milwaukee) |
| Total power | ~1.4 GW (Vantage's largest single campus) |
| Capex | $15B (Vantage groundbreaking announcement) |
| Status | Under construction since 2025 |
| Power source | "Sustainable-by-design" — 70% renewables (solar/wind/storage) per Vantage |
| Sources | Data Center Knowledge |
Stargate UAE (Abu Dhabi)
| Operator | G42 (build); OpenAI + Oracle (operate); Nvidia, SoftBank, Cisco partners |
| Location | Abu Dhabi, UAE (10 sq mi campus) |
| Total power | 5 GW full campus; first Stargate cluster 1 GW |
| Capex | ~$20B for the 1 GW cluster; $30B+ for full 5 GW campus |
| Status | Broke ground March 2026; 200 MW expected live 2026 |
| Power source | Mix of UAE grid (incl. Barakah nuclear) + onsite gas |
| Controversies | U.S. export-control questions on Nvidia chip flow to UAE; sovereign AI governance |
| Sources | OpenAI, G42, The National |
Meta
Meta's 2025 AI buildout fractured into "Hyperion" (Louisiana, 2 GW+, multi-decade) and "Prometheus" (Georgia, 1 GW for 2026 model training), with the older Eagle Mountain/Kuna/Temple/Cheyenne sites being retrofitted to AI specs. Zuckerberg disclosed in July 2025 that Meta is pursuing a 5 GW total cluster.
Hyperion — Richland Parish, LA
| Operator | Meta + Blue Owl Capital JV (Blue Owl 80%, Meta 20%) |
| Location | Richland Parish, Louisiana (formerly farmland; 2,250 acres + 1,400-acre 2025 expansion = 4.1 sq mi, ~4x Central Park) |
| Total power | 2 GW+ committed; eventual 5 GW reported |
| Capex | Initial $10B+; $27B Blue Owl/Meta JV financing closed Oct 2025 (largest private-credit deal ever); total project estimates exceed $30B; NOLA reporting puts tripled price tag at ~$28B |
| GPU plans | Nvidia Blackwell + Rubin generation; targets next-gen Llama model training |
| Status | Under construction; one year in as of Dec 2025; $875M in Louisiana contracts already issued |
| COD timeline | First buildings 2027; full 2 GW by 2030 |
| Power source | Entergy Louisiana — three new combined-cycle gas plants + transmission upgrades dedicated to the campus; Meta to fund grid infrastructure |
| Construction partner | DPR Construction, Turner Construction, Mortenson (joint venture) |
| Controversies | Entergy's three new gas plants approved with limited public review; rate-recovery concerns for Louisiana ratepayers; carbon emissions vs Meta's 2030 net-zero pledge |
| Sources | Meta press release, Sherwood, NOLA.com, DCD, Data Center Frontier |
Prometheus — Newton County, GA (Stanton Springs/Social Circle)
| Operator | Meta |
| Location | Social Circle, Newton County, GA |
| Total power | 1 GW supercluster online target 2026 |
| Status | Phase 2 (3-building expansion, +1.5M sq ft) completed 2023; AI-specific Prometheus buildout underway 2025–2026 |
| Customer | Meta (training models for Reality Labs / Llama series) |
| Power source | Georgia Power (Walton EMC); concerns over coal-plant retirements being deferred |
| Controversies | Water — Meta consuming ~500,000 gallons/day, ~10% of Newton County total; county faces water-deficit projections; well drying issues reported by neighbors |
| Sources | TechCrunch, PPC Land, Plateau Excavation |
Other Meta sites (retrofitted for AI)
| Site | Location | Investment | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eagle Mountain | Eagle Mountain, UT | $1B+ | Operational; expansion ongoing |
| Temple | Temple, TX | $800M+ | Restarted 2024 under new AI design |
| Kuna | Kuna, ID | $1B+ | Restarted 2024 under new AI design |
| Cheyenne | Cheyenne, WY | $800M+ | Under construction |
| Tallassee | Tallassee, AL | $800M+ | Under construction |
Source: Meta Data Centers, DCD
xAI
Colossus 1 + Colossus 2 — Memphis, TN
| Operator | xAI |
| Location | South Memphis, TN (former Electrolux plant); Southaven, MS power hub 6 mi south |
| Total power | 2 GW combined; ramp from 250 MW (2024) to 2 GW (2026) |
| GPU plans | 555,000 GPUs disclosed (Jan 2026) — H100/H200/GB200; Colossus 2 targets 1M GPUs |
| Capex | ~$18B total invested |
| Status | Colossus 1 operational July 2024 (200K H100s); Colossus 2 ramping through 2026 |
| Power source | Grid (MLGW / TVA) + ~35 onsite VoltaGrid 2.5 MW + Solar Turbines SMT-130 16 MW turbines (~422 MW combined); Southaven, MS: former Duke Energy plant acquired 2025, 41-turbine permit (DCD), 7 turbines currently running ~245 MW |
| Controversies | SELC + NAACP appealed Clean Air Act permits; xAI operated 35 turbines while permitted for 15; aerial imagery used as evidence; nearby Boxtown/Whitehaven neighborhoods (predominantly Black) bear emissions burden; MLGW grid strain in already energy-burdened city; Mississippi DEQ issued air permit over public opposition; Earthjustice litigation ongoing |
| Sources | SemiAnalysis, SELC, Inside Climate News, Tennessee Lookout, DCD |
Microsoft
Microsoft's "Fairwater" reference design — two-story, closed-loop liquid cooling, no UPS or genset in some sites — is being deployed at five-plus sites linked via dedicated AI WAN ("AI superfactory").
Mt. Pleasant, WI (Fairwater 1)
| Operator | Microsoft |
| Location | Mt. Pleasant, WI (Racine County; former Foxconn/Wisconn Valley site, ~1,000 acres) |
| Total power | 3.3 GW by late 2027 (Epoch AI); 17 buildings approved across multiple areas |
| Capex | $7B+ committed (initial $3.3B announced May 2024 + $4B Sept 2025) |
| Status | Phase 1 (Area 3B) operational 2025; Phases 2 (Area 2 + 3A) paused April 2025 for AI redesign, resumed late 2025; 15 additional buildings approved Jan 2026 |
| Customer | Microsoft / OpenAI workloads |
| Power source | We Energies (American Transmission Co.); Lake Michigan water for cooling (~3M gallons projected 2025) |
| Construction partner | Walsh Construction (Phase 1); follow-on GCs not disclosed |
| Controversies | Lake Michigan water diversion; the "world's most powerful AI datacenter" branding clashed with pause-and-redesign in April 2025; Foxconn TIF debt legacy |
| Sources | Microsoft On the Issues, DCD, WPR, Daily Reporter, Epoch AI |
Atlanta Fairwater — Fayetteville/Palmetto, GA
| Operator | Microsoft |
| Total power | ~1 GW (combined with Wisconsin in WAN-linked 2 GW "AI superfactory") |
| Status | Operational October 2025 |
| Power source | Georgia Power; design omits onsite UPS/gensets due to "reliable grid" |
| Controversies | Georgia Power capacity additions partially funded by ratepayers |
| Sources | Microsoft blog, AJC, DCD |
Other Microsoft sites
- San Antonio / Quincy WA / Cheyenne WY — additional Fairwater nodes under construction (Microsoft: "5+ more sites" without disclosing locations or capacity). Quincy was first Microsoft cloud region and is being aggressively expanded.
- Chicago "Project Apollo" — local-news references to a large Microsoft AI campus near Mt. Prospect / suburban Chicago; not yet publicly confirmed by Microsoft at gigawatt scale.
AWS / Amazon
Project Rainier — New Carlisle, IN
| Operator | AWS |
| Location | New Carlisle, IN (St. Joseph County; 1,200-acre site) |
| Total power | 2.2 GW announced; reporting suggests path to 2.4 GW |
| Capex | $11B initial commitment (largest in Indiana history); industry analysts project $30B+ at full buildout |
| GPU plans | ~500,000 AWS Trainium2 chips operational; target 1 million Trainium2 |
| Customer | Anthropic (anchor); broader AWS AI cloud |
| Status | First 7 of 30 planned buildings operational Oct 2025; AWS marketing has called it fully "activated" |
| COD timeline | First power Sept 2024 site prep; energization Oct 2025; full 30-building campus through 2027 |
| Power source | AEP Indiana Michigan Power (grid); AWS exploring SMR options |
| Controversies | Local water-use scrutiny; Indiana economic-development subsidies under journalistic review |
| Sources | CNBC, DCD, Data Center Knowledge |
Susquehanna (Cumulus) — Salem Township, PA
| Operator | AWS (acquired from Talen) |
| Total power | 960 MW campus + 1.92 GW Talen PPA (17 yr, through 2042) |
| Capex | $650M campus acquisition; PPA terms not disclosed |
| Status | Operational, ramping in 120 MW increments to full 960 MW by 2032 |
| Power source | Susquehanna nuclear plant (2.5 GW boiling-water reactor); first U.S. nuclear-PPA hyperscale at this scale |
| Controversies | FERC initially blocked behind-the-meter expansion; Amazon and Talen restructured as front-of-the-meter PPA to sidestep regulatory issue; concerns over reduced grid power available to PJM ratepayers |
| Sources | Utility Dive, Talen IR, DCD, The Register |
Other AWS notable sites
- Northern Virginia (Loudoun) — AWS operates dozens of Loudoun facilities; county-wide hyperscaler load now exceeds 5 GW (across all operators), with AWS holding the plurality. Dominion's interconnect queue is multi-year.
- Mississippi (Madison County) — AWS announced $10B campus November 2024 targeting 1 GW.
- Indiana, Ohio, North Carolina — additional AWS clusters under planning, not all gigawatt-scale.
Google's hyperscale buildout predates the AI boom; AI-driven expansion is grafted on top of legacy regions.
| Site | Location | Capacity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, IA | ~1 GW estimated across Southlands campus (4 bldgs, 2.9M sq ft) | Operational + expanding | $7B pledged 2024; first DC announced 2007 |
| The Dalles | The Dalles, OR | 500+ MW | Operational + expanding | Original 2006 facility; persistent water-use disputes |
| Lenoir | Lenoir, NC | 500+ MW | Operational; second building completing | $1B+ invested |
| Loudoun | Loudoun Co., VA | TBD | Under construction | New 2024–2025 acquisitions |
| Texas (Midlothian, Red Oak) | TX | 500+ MW each | Under construction | DFW metro; Oncor interconnects |
[Sources: Google Data Centers, DCD]
Apple
| Site | Location | Capacity | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reno Technology Park | Reno, NV | 500+ MW | Operational + expanding | $4B+ invested; planning permits filed for additional buildings 2025; water concerns |
| Mesa | Mesa, AZ | 800+ MW (post-expansion) | Operational + expanding | Apple's $500B U.S. spend pledge (Feb 2025) calls out Arizona expansion |
| Maiden | Maiden, NC | 500 MW | Operational | First "iCloud" datacenter |
| Prineville | Prineville, OR | 500 MW | Operational |
Apple does not publish per-site GW figures, but the $500B Feb 2025 commitment over four years implies substantial expansion at each. [Sources: AZ Tech Council, Data Center Knowledge, MIT Tech Review]
Anthropic
Anthropic does not directly operate datacenters; its capacity flows through AWS (Project Rainier, primary) and Google Cloud (TPU clusters in Council Bluffs and elsewhere). The Project Rainier site (above) is effectively Anthropic's anchor. Future Anthropic compute will likely include additional AWS regions and a rumored Google Cloud-dedicated cluster.
Colocation / Wholesale Operators
Digital Realty (DLR)
5 GW of buildable IT capacity worldwide as of Q3 2025. Notable gigawatt-class buildable inventory:
- Manassas, VA — multiple 100+ MW IT-load facilities; large hyperscale bookings in 2024–2025
- Dallas (Digital Dallas) — 400–450 MW total at full buildout
- Hillsboro, OR — recent 30-acre acquisition adds 160 MW IT capacity to an existing 85 MW assemblage
- Loudoun (Ashburn) — DLR's flagship cluster; integral to Northern Virginia's >5 GW load
- U.S. Hyperscale Fund — Final close $3.25B in March 2026 funds incremental gigawatt-class buildouts
[Source: DLR Q3 2025 results]
QTS (Blackstone)
- Manassas (Prince William Digital Gateway) — planned 11.3M+ sq ft alongside Compass's 11.55M sq ft (37 buildings total) canceled after Aug 2025 court ruling revoked zoning; upheld on appeal. One of the largest gigawatt-scale cancellations to date.
- Phoenix (PHX II) — 85-acre, 5-building campus
- Atlanta, Dallas, Ashburn — multiple campuses; Blackstone has accelerated buildout post-2022 acquisition
Compass Datacenters
Withdrew from PW Digital Gateway in 2025; remains active in Texas, Ohio (New Albany), and Atlanta with hyperscale builds.
Aligned, Switch, Vantage, EdgeConneX, CloudHQ
- Switch — five "exascale" campuses (Las Vegas, Tahoe Reno/Citadel ~800 MW, Atlanta/The Keep, Grand Rapids/Pyramid, Austin); >1.5 GW total per company
- Vantage — Santa Clara, Phoenix, Quincy, and the Stargate "Lighthouse" 1.4 GW Wisconsin build
- Aligned Energy — Salt Lake City, Phoenix, Dallas hyperscale capacity; Macquarie-owned
- EdgeConneX — Portland, Phoenix, Atlanta hyperscale builds
- CloudHQ — Loudoun, Chicago, Phoenix, Frankfurt
Equinix xScale
Expanding to 32 hyperscale data centers / 600+ MW backed by $3.9B GIC JV; properties in Frankfurt (5), Dublin (3), Tokyo (3), São Paulo (3), Madrid (2), plus Helsinki, Milan, Warsaw, Osaka, Sydney, Mexico City. None are individually gigawatt-scale, but the global portfolio aggregates well past 1 GW. [Source: Equinix IR]
International (non-U.S./non-UAE)
Paris AI Campus (France)
| Sponsors | MGX (Abu Dhabi), Bpifrance, Nvidia, Mistral AI |
| Location | Paris region, France |
| Total power | 1.4 GW announced; phase 1 first AI campus operated by Mistral (44 MW + 13,800 Nvidia GB300s) |
| Capex | Mistral: $830M debt facility (Mar 2026) supported by Bpifrance, BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, HSBC, La Banque Postale, MUFG, Natixis |
| Status | Phase 1 sited; construction expected H2 2026; ops 2028; 1.4 GW full by 2030 |
| Power source | French grid (EDF nuclear-heavy mix) |
| Sources | DCD, CNBC |
Other international
- Korea (Naver) — Sejong "Gak" datacenter ~270 MW, expansion announcements 2024–2025
- Japan (KDDI, SoftBank) — multiple sub-GW AI campuses in Inzai, Osaka; SoftBank's Sharp Sakai plant being converted to AI compute, ~150 MW with expansion plans
- Malaysia (Johor) — multiple hyperscale builds (YTL/AirTrunk/Microsoft) approaching gigawatt scale
- India (Reliance Jamnagar) — Reliance/Nvidia 1 GW announced 2024; status under-disclosed
- UK (Cobalt / nScale) — multiple sub-GW sites; UK sovereign AI compute initiative
Cross-cutting Observations
Announced vs energized gap. Several headline capacities (Hyperion 2–5 GW, Shackelford 5.5 GW, Mt. Pleasant 3.3 GW) reflect 2028–2030 buildouts. As of mid-2026, energized AI-specific load at the largest sites is closer to: Abilene ~200 MW, Rainier ~1 GW, Colossus ~1.5 GW, Mt. Pleasant ~500 MW, Atlanta Fairwater ~500 MW. The narrative "10 GW of Stargate" is roughly 7 GW announced and <500 MW energized.
Construction partner concentration. DPR Construction, Turner Construction, and Mortenson dominate Big Tech datacenter contracts; they jointly anchor Hyperion and individually anchor Abilene (DPR), Mt. Pleasant Phase 1 (Walsh), and several Meta builds (Mortenson). Holder and Clayco have major Meta/Microsoft work in the Southeast.
Power source split. Roughly: AWS Susquehanna is the only fully nuclear-anchored hyperscale today (with Microsoft's Three Mile Island restart agreement and several SMR LOIs pending). Meta Hyperion locks in three new gas plants in Louisiana. xAI Colossus is the most aggressive BTM gas deployment. Stargate Abilene blends ERCOT grid + Lancium-controlled BTM gas. Stargate UAE will blend Barakah nuclear with gas.
Litigation hot spots. Prince William Digital Gateway (canceled), xAI Colossus permitting (active SELC/NAACP/Earthjustice litigation), Newton County water (community pressure), Tucson and Reno water (Apple permitting friction), Louisiana ratepayer protections for Entergy gas plants.
Tax abatement. Most state-level deals offer >20-year property tax abatements (Louisiana, Indiana, Wisconsin, Mississippi) plus sales-tax holidays on servers; per-job subsidy economics are weak when annualized — a recurring critique in local journalism (Memphis Commercial Appeal, NOLA.com, Indiana Public Media, WPR).
Source Index (selected primary)
- OpenAI: Five new Stargate sites, Stargate UAE
- Meta: Hyperion JV release, Richland Parish update
- Microsoft: Fairwater Wisconsin, AI superfactory
- AWS: Project Rainier announcement, Talen partnership
- Crusoe: Abilene live announcement
- SELC: xAI illegal power plant, Mississippi air permit
- DCD coverage: OpenAI deep-dive, Hyperion expansion
- Local journalism: NOLA.com on Hyperion cost, Tennessee Lookout on xAI, Inside Climate News on Colossus
- Analyst: Epoch AI Stargate sites, SemiAnalysis Colossus 2
Maintained as a living document. Submit corrections or new sites with primary-source citations.