Wiki/Primary documents
SK Hynix Q3 2025 earnings + 2025 semi-annual DART filing
Date: Q3 2025 results released October 29, 2025; H1 2025 semi-annual DART filing (반기보고서) filed mid-August 2025.
Why it matters: SK Hynix is the HBM market share leader (~70% of Nvidia HBM4 secured) and the producer most exposed to Nvidia. The Q3 2025 release contains the "essentially sold out through 2026" statement and the supply-demand imbalance quote. The H1 DART filing — the Korean semi-annual report — contains the 27% single-customer revenue concentration disclosure, which the company's SEC-equivalent ADR filings do not surface.
Primary sources:
- SK Hynix Q3 2025 results page
- CNBC coverage
- KED Global for the March 2025 Kwak shareholder-meeting quote
- DART portal: https://dart.fss.or.kr/ (Korean Financial Supervisory Service)
- Coverage of the 27% disclosure: TrendForce Aug 18, 2025
Load-bearing facts
27% of H1 2025 revenue from a single customer
The SK Hynix 2025 semi-annual DART filing discloses that a single un-named customer accounted for ~27% of consolidated revenue in H1 2025 (~₩10.89 trillion).
For comparison, the same disclosure for full-year 2024 was 16% (~₩10.9T). Concentration nearly doubled in six months.
Market consensus identifies the customer as Nvidia. SK Hynix does not name the customer; Korean disclosure rules require concentration reporting but not customer identification.
Why: This is the single most-load-bearing buyer-concentration datapoint in the cycle. It quantifies the structural Nvidia dependence that any "diversified hyperscaler demand" narrative skates over. A single-customer order cut at this concentration cuts SK Hynix consolidated revenue more than any past cycle.
"Sold out through 2026"
- March 2025 shareholder meeting: CEO Kwak Noh-Jung said HBM was "essentially sold out" through 2026.
- Q3 2025 earnings call (Oct 29): Reconfirmed. Kwak quote: "As this supply-demand imbalance persists, customers are prioritizing procurement over price."
- Q4 2025 / Q1 2026 commentary: Kim Jae-joon (CFO): "We have already sold out our entire 2026 HBM supply."
Why: This is the most-quoted demand-side line in the cycle. But — critical — it is a public-statement framing, not a disclosed contractual structure. Korean securities filings have not published the underlying LTA terms. "Sold out" is reservation; whether it is enforceable take-or-pay is unknown from public disclosure.
Capex framing
From the Q1 2026 call: "Our policy is to execute investment with CapEx discipline, taking demand visibility into account... thereby ensuring both supply stability and financial soundness."
2024 capex: 16T KRW ($11.7B), +90% YoY — but still below the 2022 peak of 19T KRW.
Why: Aligned with the cross-industry discipline doctrine. SK Hynix is investing aggressively into HBM, but the level remains below the speculative high of 2022. See supply/capex-discipline.md.
Buyer behavior
From an October 2025 trade press piece, customers reportedly offered to fund EUV machines and new fab lines to secure SK Hynix supply. (Tom's Hardware.)
Why: Extreme datapoint on buyer desperation. Flag: needs corroboration against Korean-language primary source.
What this filing implies
Three things, beyond what is explicitly said:
- The structural Nvidia dependence is now disclosed in Korean filings but not in English-language coverage. The 27% number is a DART disclosure — the Korean Financial Supervisory Service requires it. Coverage that runs through trade press picks it up; coverage that doesn't read DART filings misses it.
- The "sold out" framing is rhetorical, not contractual. Korean filings do not publish underlying LTA terms. Whether the 2026 book is enforceable take-or-pay or polite reservation is hidden.
- The Nvidia-HBM4 70% share is structural, not negotiable. If Nvidia hits its FY26-FY27 revenue targets, SK Hynix collects. If Nvidia misses, SK Hynix's 27% concentration becomes the leading indicator of damage on the producer side.
What to read next
documents/nvidia-10q-oct-2025.mdfor what Nvidia has signed on the upstream side that matches SK Hynix's bookings.structure/who-eats-the-loss.mdfor what the 27% concentration implies for risk allocation.